
ICS84314-02
700MHZ, CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V/2.5V LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER W/FANOUT BUFFER
IDT / ICS 3.3V/2.5V LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
2
ICS84314AY-02 REV. A MARCH 24, 2009
Functional Description
NOTE: The functional description that follows describes operation
using a 16MHz crystal. Valid PLL loop divider values for different
crystal or input frequencies are defined in the Input Frequency
Characteristics, Table 6, NOTE 1.
The ICS84314-02 features a fully integrated PLL and therefore
requires no external components for setting the loop bandwidth. A
parallel-resonant, fundamental crystal is used as the input to the
on-chip oscillator. The output of the oscillator is divided by 16 prior
to the phase detector. With a 16MHz crystal, this provides a 1MHz
reference frequency. The VCO of the PLL operates over a range of
250MHz to 700MHz. The output of the M divider is also applied to
the phase detector.
The phase detector and the M divider force the VCO output
frequency to be 2M times the reference frequency by adjusting the
VCO control voltage. Note that for some values of M (either too
high or too low), the PLL will not achieve lock. The output of the
VCO is scaled by a divider prior to being sent to each of the
LVPECL output buffers. The divider provides a 50% output duty
cycle.
The programmable features of the ICS84314-02 support two input
modes to program the M divider. The two input operational modes
are parallel and serial. Figure 1 shows the timing diagram for each
mode. In parallel mode, the nP_LOAD input is initially LOW. The
data on inputs M0 through M8 is passed directly to the M divider.
On the LOW-to-HIGH transition of the nP_LOAD input, the data is
latched and the M divider remains loaded until the next LOW
transition on nP_LOAD or until a serial event occurs. As a result,
the M bits can be hardwired to set the M divider to a specific default
state that will automatically occur during power-up. In parallel
mode, the N output divider is set to 2. In serial mode, the N output
divider can be set for either
÷1, ÷2, ÷4 or ÷8. The relationship
between the VCO frequency, the crystal frequency and the M
divider is defined as follows: fVCO = fXTAL x 2M
16
The M value and the required values of M0 through M8 are shown
in Table 3B, Programmable VCO Frequency Function Table. Valid
M values for which the PLL will achieve lock for a 16MHz reference
are defined as 125
≤ M ≤ 350. The frequency out is defined as
follows: fout = fVCO x 1 = fXTAL x 2M x 1
N
16
N
Serial operation occurs when nP_LOAD is HIGH and S_LOAD is
LOW. The shift register is loaded by sampling the S_DATA bits with
the rising edge of S_CLOCK. The contents of the shift register are
loaded into the M divider and N output divider when S_LOAD
transitions from LOW-to-HIGH. The M divide and N output divide
values are latched on the HIGH-to-LOW transition of S_LOAD. If
S_LOAD is held HIGH, data at the S_DATA input is passed directly
to the M divider and N output divider on each rising edge of
S_CLOCK.
Figure 1. Parallel Load Operations
NOTE:
X = Don’t Care
N1 and N0 divider settings are only accessible through the serial configuration interface.
SERIAL LOADING
PARALLEL LOADING
t
S
t
H
t
S
t
H
t
S
Time
M
X
SSC
N1
N0
M8
M7
M6
M5
M4
M3
M2
M1
M0
X
S_CLOCK
S_DATA
S_LOAD
nP_LOAD
S_LOAD
nP_LOAD
M0:M8